In contrast to sine waves, the loops of a meandering stream are more nearly circular. The maximum distance from the down-valley axis to the sinuous axis of a loop is the meander width or amplitude. The distance of one meander along the down-valley axis The meander is two consecutive loops pointing in opposite transverse directions.
Two consecutive crossing points of sinuous and down-valley axesĭefine a meander loop. This axis represents the overall direction of the stream.Īt any cross-section the flow is following the sinuous axis, the centerline of the bed. The bankfull width is the distance across the bed at an average cross-section at the full-stream level, typically estimated by the line of lowest vegetation.Īs a waveform the meandering stream follows the down-valley axis, a straight line fitted to the curve such that the sum of all the amplitudes measured from it is zero. Ideal waveforms, such as a sine wave, are one line thick, but in the case of a stream the width must be taken into consideration.
It is characterized as an irregular waveform. The technical description of a meandering watercourse is termed meander geometry or meander planform geometry. In the Turkish name, the Büyük Menderes River, Menderes is from "Meander". It flows through a graben in the Menderes Massif, but has a flood plain much wider than the meander zone in its lower reach. The Meander River is located south of Izmir, east of the ancient Greek town of Miletus, now, Milet, Turkey.
Strabo said: ". its course is so exceedingly winding that everything winding is called meandering." As such, even in Classical Greece (and in later Greek thought) the name of the river had become a common noun meaning anything convoluted and winding, such as decorative patterns or speech and ideas, as well as the geomorphological feature. The term derives from a river located in present-day Turkey and known to the Greeks as ( Μαίανδρος) Maiandros or Maeander, characterised by a very convoluted path along the lower reach. 3.3 Geomorphic and morphotectonic theory.All streams are sinuous at some time in their geologic history over some part of their length. Sinuosity is one of the channel types that a stream may assume over all or part of its course. In some schemes, "meandering" applies only to rivers with exaggerated circular loops or secondary meanders that is, meanders on meanders. Unless otherwise defined in a specific scheme "meandering" and "sinuosity" here are synonymous and mean any repetitious pattern of bends, or waveforms. Parameters based on mathematical formulae or numerical data vary as well, depending on the database used by the theorist.
#Meander river ancient greece full
There is not yet full consistency or standardization of scientific terminology used to describe watercourses. Over time meanders migrate downstream, sometimes in such a short time as to create civil engineering problems for local municipalities attempting to maintain stable roads and bridges. When a meander gets cut off from the main stream, an oxbow lake is formed. The result is a snaking pattern as the stream meanders back and forth across its down-valley axis. A stream of any volume may assume a meandering course, alternately eroding sediments from the outside of a bend and depositing them on the inside. A meander is formed when the moving water in a stream erodes the outer banks and widens its valley and the inner part of the river has less energy and deposits what it is carrying. Meanders of the Rio Cauto at Guamo Embarcadero, Cuba.Ī meander, in general, is a bend in a sinuous watercourse or river. Meanders develop, which lengthen the course of the stream, decreasing the gradient.
The maximum gradient is along the down-valley axis represented by a hypothetical straight channel. A hypothetical stream bed following a tilted valley.
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